![]() ![]() Wealth status (consumption expenditure, asset index, and land size) was also positively correlated with irrigation suitability. ![]() Cultivation of high-value crops (fruit, vegetables) was common in areas more suitable for irrigation but staple crop cultivation (cereals, legumes) was negatively associated with irrigation suitability. We find that high-value crop producers and wealthier farmers are most likely to make private investments and also benefit from public support in farmer-led irrigation expansion if investments are directed to land areas highly suitable for irrigation. Considering its rapid expansion in sub-Saharan Africa, we take the case of Ethiopia and explore the relationship between irrigation suitability and farmers’ socio-economic status. However, little is known about the socio-economic situation of farmers who receive public support for its expansion. In recent years, farmer-led irrigation development has gained the interest of development partners and governments in the Global South following its success in enhancing agricultural production and livelihoods in South Asia. The results of the present study support decision makers, practitioners and farmers to put corrective measures when importing agrochemicals, provide targeted risk management schemes including training on safety measures and screen agrochemicals on the market, respectively. Chlorpyrifos) under both good and bad agricultural practices. ![]() Also, the results indicated that the level of risks of using agrochemicals on fish and aquatic vertebrates was high for few pesticides (e.g. For example, copper hydroxide and Lambda pose high risk, whereas Chlorpyrifos poses possible risk on fish under good agricultural practices. The types of agrochemicals determined the levels of risks on aquatic animals, human and the environment. The level of risks of using agrochemical on aquatic animals, human and the environment increased when the agricultural practices changed from good to non-good practices (i.e. ![]() from no or insignificant risk to acute and chronic levels). Applications of insecticides, fungicides and herbicides polluted surface water systems and affected aquatic animals and plants with different level of risk (i.e. Results indicated that local community’s awareness on use, handling and management of pesticides was low. Pesticide Risks in the Tropics for Man, Environment and Trade tool was used to analyse data. Data were collected using focus group discussion, key informant interviews, field observation and literature review. Six Woredas (or districts) covering both upstream and downstream areas and major ecosystems were selected. The present study reports the environmental and health risks associated with the use, management and handling of agrochemical in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia. Sustainable agriculture focuses using agricultural resources with minimum possible negative environmental externality to produce more food. ![]()
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